Every time we calculate the concrete or cement mortar calculation, We use 1.54 constant to get a dry volume of ingredients. But why exactly 1.54 why not 1.75? What is the reason behind that? Its simple. Adding Bulking of Sand & Void Ratio Compressibility 1. Bulking of Sand – Up…

What is Prestressed Concrete? Prestressed concrete (PSC) is the composite of concrete and prestressed high tensile tendons. In PSC, the internal stress has been introduced under controlled circumstances before loading, to improve the shrinkage resistance of concrete and avoid the tensile cracks. High tensile strength wires are used in prestressed…

The self compaction concrete is the high fluidity concrete. It is used where the location is congested by reinforcement and no possibility of compaction of concrete by mechanically or manually.  We have already discussed the L box test, which is used to determine the workability of Self-compacting concrete. What is…

The cement is highly consumable material in construction activities. The primary role of cement is to act as a binding agent to bind the ingredients and make the element strong.  The durability of the structure depends on the quality and types of cement used for construction. In a nutshell, the…

The workability is very tough when using stones for building the structure. Before the modern era, many buildings were constructed using stones, and there is no concrete in the structure.  Moreover, small buildings are constructed by brickwork and random rubble foundations. At present, many structures, even small buildings, are constructed by…

The strength and durability of concrete depend on many factors, as listed below. Workability of concrete Water cement ratio A proper mix ratio of concrete Proper workmanship Compaction of concrete Compaction of concrete is the process of consolidating fresh concrete after pouring it over the shuttering area, covering the reinforcement…

Ten decades ago, the usage of concrete was very few in construction. The old method of construction manners has followed to build a structure. But the conventional way does not give stability & longer life for the structure.  So the usage of concrete increases gradually in construction fields. Since 1830…

Usually, the slump test is used to find the workability of fresh concrete at the site. There are other tests used to find concrete workability, such as kelly ball test, Flow table test & Vee Bee Test.  But those tests are not suitable for high fluidity concrete.  The self-compacting concrete…

The concrete is a macro content that is made by blending cement, sand & coarse aggregate with water. The strength of the structure depends on the properties of the concrete we use. In general, the concrete that we made at site or in RMC is suitable for general construction purposes…

We all talk about the compressive strength of concrete all the time. And also know concrete is strong at compressive strength and weak at tensile strength. But what is meant by characteristic strength? What is the characteristic strength of concrete? The strength of concrete, where not more than 5% of…